The 2024 Formula 1 season was meant to be the moment Red Bull’s rivals brought them back within range.
On the strength of qualifying for the opening round, that appears to be the case for all bar one of them.Max Verstappen claimed pole position for the second year in a row at the Bahrain International Circuit with a lap 0.529 seconds quicker than he produced 12 months ago. But while Red Bull have wrung more than half a second out of the RB20 than its predecessor at this track, almost all of their rivals have found more.
Unsurprisingly, McLaren have made the largest step forwards year-on-year at this track. The team suffered a dire start to 2022, Lando Norris barely scraping out of Q1. Following the gains they made with an impressive development programme last year, the MCL38 is 1.7 seconds quicker than its predecessor was at this stage.
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RB (formerly AlphaTauri) have also gained more than a second over the past year. Haas, against their expectations, are almost a second quicker over a single lap, which bodes well for their VF-24 given they spent much of testing focused on the poor tyre life which plagued their 2023 campaign.
Mercedes and Ferrari can take heart from gaining eight-tenths of a second, which translates to a 0.3-second improvement compared to the Red Bull benchmark. If nothing else, it gives them an encouraging sign they can keep the pressure on the world champions in qualifying, and potentially get in between the RB20s, as they have done this weekend.
The caveat is that the strength of their race pace remains to be seen. Intriguingly, Mercedes indicated their one-lap pace in Bahrain would have been better if they hadn’t optimised their cars for race trim, making the performance of the W15s tomorrow all the more significant.
But one team has fallen further away from Red Bull and, indeed, all their rivals: Alpine. This has come as no surprise to them after a miserable test last week. The A524 at least managed to circulate a tenth of a second quicker than its predecessor.
The car is supposed to represent a departure in philosophy from last year’s car, one which will provide a better starting point for development. For Esteban Ocon and Pierre Gasly – the latter qualifying last for the second year in a row – the upgrades can’t come soon enough.
Sauber is in a similar situation. The C44 is conceptually different to their previous car, and the team started the year intending to bring a series of developments to the early races.
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There were a few notable missed opportunities in qualifying. Lando Norris reckoned there was probably another two-tenths in his McLaren, good enough for a place on the front row of the grid. Adding his sector times together (see below) bears that out.
But most strikingly, Verstappen’s lap for pole position wasn’t the quickest of the session. That was set by Charles Leclerc in Q2, a mere 0.014 seconds slower.
He blamed the fact he had to run a one-lap-old set of tyres at the start of Q3 for putting him off his stride. Every other driver who reached Q3 improved their time in the final session, aside from Nico Hulkenberg, who decided not to run his remaining set of soft tyres and save them for the race.
The same data highlights what an impressive job George Russell did. He was one of few drivers in Q3 to perform his three best sectors on the same lap. As a result, while his ‘ultimate’ lap was only ranked joint-sixth fastest, he took a fine third on the grid, six places ahead of his illustrious team mate whose theoretical best lap was only a tenth of a second slower.
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Qualifying times in full
P. | Driver | Team | Q1 | Q2 (v Q1) | Q3 (v Q2) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Max Verstappen | Red Bull | 1’30.031 | 1’29.374 (-0.657s) | 1’29.179 (-0.195s) |
2 | Charles Leclerc | Ferrari | 1’30.243 | 1’29.165 (-1.078s) | 1’29.407 (+0.242s) |
3 | George Russell | Mercedes | 1’30.350 | 1’29.922 (-0.428s) | 1’29.485 (-0.437s) |
4 | Carlos Sainz Jnr | Ferrari | 1’29.909 | 1’29.573 (-0.336s) | 1’29.507 (-0.066s) |
5 | Sergio Perez | Red Bull | 1’30.221 | 1’29.932 (-0.289s) | 1’29.537 (-0.395s) |
6 | Fernando Alonso | Aston Martin | 1’30.179 | 1’29.801 (-0.378s) | 1’29.542 (-0.259s) |
7 | Lando Norris | McLaren | 1’30.143 | 1’29.941 (-0.202s) | 1’29.614 (-0.327s) |
8 | Oscar Piastri | McLaren | 1’30.531 | 1’30.122 (-0.409s) | 1’29.683 (-0.439s) |
9 | Lewis Hamilton | Mercedes | 1’30.451 | 1’29.718 (-0.733s) | 1’29.710 (-0.008s) |
10 | Nico Hulkenberg | Haas | 1’30.566 | 1’29.851 (-0.715s) | 1’30.502 (+0.651s) |
11 | Yuki Tsunoda | RB | 1’30.481 | 1’30.129 (-0.352s) | Missed by 0.007s |
12 | Lance Stroll | Aston Martin | 1’29.965 | 1’30.200 (+0.235s) | Missed by 0.078s |
13 | Alexander Albon | Williams | 1’30.397 | 1’30.221 (-0.176s) | Missed by 0.099s |
14 | Daniel Ricciardo | RB | 1’30.562 | 1’30.278 (-0.284s) | Missed by 0.156s |
15 | Kevin Magnussen | Haas | 1’30.646 | 1’30.529 (-0.117s) | Missed by 0.407s |
16 | Valtteri Bottas | Sauber | 1’30.756 | Missed by 0.110s | |
17 | Zhou Guanyu | Sauber | 1’30.757 | Missed by 0.111s | |
18 | Logan Sargeant | Williams | 1’30.770 | Missed by 0.124s | |
19 | Esteban Ocon | Alpine | 1’30.793 | Missed by 0.147s | |
20 | Pierre Gasly | Alpine | 1’30.948 | Missed by 0.302s |
Sector times and theoretical best times
P. | # | Driver | S1 | S2 | S3 | Ultimate lap (deficit) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 16 | Charles Leclerc | 28.762 (4) | 38.059 (1) | 22.263 (1) | 1’29.084 (+0.081) |
2 | 1 | Max Verstappen | 28.509 (1) | 38.269 (4) | 22.374 (6) | 1’29.152 (+0.027) |
3 | 4 | Lando Norris | 28.836 (10) | 38.207 (2) | 22.362 (4) | 1’29.405 (+0.209) |
4 | 14 | Fernando Alonso | 28.83 (8) | 38.236 (3) | 22.374 (6) | 1’29.440 (+0.102) |
5 | 11 | Sergio Perez | 28.738 (3) | 38.323 (6) | 22.41 (9) | 1’29.471 (+0.066) |
6 | 63 | George Russell | 28.8 (5) | 38.421 (8) | 22.264 (2) | 1’29.485 |
7 | 55 | Carlos Sainz Jnr | 28.85 (11) | 38.298 (5) | 22.337 (3) | 1’29.485 (+0.022) |
8 | 44 | Lewis Hamilton | 28.803 (6) | 38.422 (9) | 22.369 (5) | 1’29.594 (+0.116) |
9 | 81 | Oscar Piastri | 28.901 (15) | 38.343 (7) | 22.439 (10) | 1’29.683 |
10 | 27 | Nico Hulkenberg | 28.834 (9) | 38.636 (11) | 22.381 (8) | 1’29.851 |
11 | 18 | Lance Stroll | 28.65 (2) | 38.609 (10) | 22.694 (18) | 1’29.953 (+0.012) |
12 | 22 | Yuki Tsunoda | 28.821 (7) | 38.727 (12) | 22.581 (12) | 1’30.129 |
13 | 23 | Alexander Albon | 28.858 (12) | 38.75 (13) | 22.553 (11) | 1’30.161 (+0.060) |
14 | 3 | Daniel Ricciardo | 28.884 (13) | 38.802 (14) | 22.592 (13) | 1’30.278 |
15 | 20 | Kevin Magnussen | 28.884 (13) | 38.952 (18) | 22.657 (14) | 1’30.493 (+0.036) |
16 | 77 | Valtteri Bottas | 29.063 (17) | 39.025 (19) | 22.668 (17) | 1’30.756 |
17 | 24 | Zhou Guanyu | 29.154 (20) | 38.944 (17) | 22.658 (15) | 1’30.756 (+0.001) |
18 | 2 | Logan Sargeant | 28.991 (16) | 39.119 (20) | 22.66 (16) | 1’30.770 |
19 | 31 | Esteban Ocon | 29.142 (18) | 38.934 (16) | 22.717 (19) | 1’30.793 |
20 | 10 | Pierre Gasly | 29.148 (19) | 38.857 (15) | 22.829 (20) | 1’30.834 (+0.114) |
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This is the third year of the current generation of aerodynamic rules, which was introduced partly to help converge the performance across the field. The latter certainly seems to have been achieved – even struggling Alpine were just 1.641 seconds off the pace of Red Bull.
However it has come at a cost of the outright performance of the cars. Even in the third year since they were introduced, they are still slower than at any point during the previous era, 2017-21, when the cars were widened and more complex upper aerodynamic surfaces permitted.
The fastest ever lap of the current Bahrain International Circuit configuration (used for every Bahrain Grand Prix except 2004 and 2010) was set under the previous rules set: Lewis Hamilton’s 1’27.264 in 2020.
The performance of the cars was reduced by changes to the floor the following year, and again when the current rules came in the year after. But even in their latest guise, the current cars remain slower at Bahrain than at any point under the previous generation of rules. Whether the quality of racing has improved remains a matter of debate, though the closeness of the field is a welcome improvement.
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2024 Bahrain Grand Prix
- Tsunoda accepts he got “a bit heated” in team orders dispute with Ricciardo
- “We’re fighting with one arm behind our back”: Hamilton and Russell’s race radio
- Red Bull say RB20 draws inspiration from rivals in less obvious areas
- All cars finish two consecutive F1 races for first time ever
- “I don’t know what the car’s going to do every time I brake”: Leclerc’s race radio
NM
2nd March 2024, 7:33
Good! But also not a surprise since half the field copied wenr redbulls way.
Let’s hope for a closer fight at the top!
i am Dutch and waited 30 years for succes but Verstappen has won enough now, so i’d rather wach exiting races then hin winning everything!
NM
2nd March 2024, 7:34
Since half the field went redbulls way.
Jere (@jerejj)
2nd March 2024, 8:06
At least the 2016 pole la time of 1:29.491 finally got beaten in year 3 for the current car generation.
Alex
2nd March 2024, 8:47
I appreciate the graph of ‘theoretical best times’: thank you, Keith
It’s the best tool we have for separating what a driver’s setup and approach were capable of, from what they achieved.
(Amazing that there was still half a second between Alonso/Stroll and Albon/Sargeant. And the gap between Hulkenberg and Magnussen shows just how incredible Hulk’s Q2 lap was)
DB-C90 (@dbradock)
2nd March 2024, 8:56
I wouldn’t read too much into it.
Given that the RBR car has been fairly radically changed, I suspect it might take a race or two for them to optimise it and leap forward a fair way.
The real test will be the race – if their tyre management is again way better than everyone else they’ll just pull away into the distance. Hoping not, but I still think they’ll be 30 seconds up the road from the rest.
notagrumpyfan
2nd March 2024, 9:40
Most other teams have quite radically changed their design as well.
And the design they all gravitated to is pretty gentle on the tyres.
Red Pill (@redpill)
2nd March 2024, 9:06
Good article and data. Thank you
While it could be said that all the teams (other than Alpine) found improved speed and reduced their gap to Red bull; but I would not be surprised if RB has their PU settings turned down at a more conservative level than the other teams to extend PU attrition.
I think this will become more apparent when we start seeing the 1st cycle of PU’s this season (I’m betting that RB being able to hold out longer) or if there’s a situation where you see RB make a miraculous sudden gain (track time) when they really needed it.
Red Bull appears to really know their confidence and threshold, hitting the data targets just enough that are needed to stay in front, But not too far in front), while keeping the long game vision in winning mode.
This will make it much harder for the other teams to retain their new found closer gap to RB after the vacation break to the final race. Can the other teams stay this close after 3/4’s of the season?
I’m not even a RB team fan, but have to give them credit.
Alex
2nd March 2024, 9:19
If Red Bull were miles ahead and keeping their power settings low to stay just a few tenths in front, then they would have ended up with the outright fastest lap.
Instead, Ferrari had the fastest car (in qualifying), and Max is only in front because (1) Charles didn’t reproduce his best lap and (2) Max managed to find a tow from Piastri for the start of his final run.
Max is definitely favourite for tomorrow due to the Red Bull’s long run performance over the last two years; and I share your fear that with the hardest part won, he may disappear into the distance.
However, he was lucky to take pole yesterday, so I see no signs this is a performance level Red Bull ‘chose’.
They’re going as fast as they can and – like the latter half of last year – that is neck and neck for qualifying (but quite possibly too fast in the race).
Red Pill (@redpill)
2nd March 2024, 23:17
I stand behind what I earlier posted above. Today’s race was a perfect example of RB’s race car management, keeping it controlled and playing the long game.
RH
2nd March 2024, 9:59
These cars are 50 kilograms heavier than the 17-21 cars. That is ~1.5s in laptime. Given that these cars are of similar size to those of the previous era, I think it fair to compare laptimes after subtracting 1.5s.
I see 1.29.1 as basically 1.27.6. And nowadays drivers have to push much more in qualifying unlike pre engine mode ban in 2020 where qualifying gap between RB and Merc alone was 1s at times.
So I think these cars are quite rapid, just that they are theoretically limited in how fast they can go.
S
2nd March 2024, 10:16
Around the Nordshleife..?
Mass doesn’t automatically (or necessarily) make the cars slower – it depends on the functions performed by that additional material. In F1’s case, much of it goes into additional aero devices which squash the cars into the track to allow them to brake later and go around corners substantially faster.
They aren’t theoretically limited, they are actually physically limited through the imposition of a large number of technical limitations, in order to maintain the illusion of being an on-track racing competition.
DEfusion (@defusion)
2nd March 2024, 10:27
Hopefully this is going to be a good season with more pressure on Red Bull, and next year will be a classic.
Because that’s what happens with stable rules in F1 and then they make a major rule change and someone comes out dominant again and it takes a few years for the pack to catch up. I don’t know why F1 don’t understand this and insist on major rule changes every 5 seasons.
S
2nd March 2024, 14:27
Don’t hold your breath.
That’s never happened.
They sometimes get closer (or one team gets bit closer to another) because the rules change. Teams drop development on existing cars and focus their resources on the next set.
If they insisted on major rule changes every season, they likely wouldn’t have any one team getting away from the rest for an extended of time. But the order would still remain reasonably static even then, as the big teams stay big, the middle teams stay in the middle, and the backmarkers – well, you know…
It generally takes forces far beyond the scope of the technical regs to fundamentally shake up the field and the results.
The only viable way to keep the rules stable in F1 for more than a couple of years at most is to make it a spec series, with cars producing substantially less performance than they are currently capable of.